Joseph Jhon Thompson

THOMSONS PROFILE

Joseph John thomson A.K.A JJ Thomson was born in Cheetham Hill Manchester England. his early education was in small private schools, and demonstrated great talent and interest in science.

in 1870 to  he was admitted Owens college. being only 14 years old at that time, he was unusually young. his parents, planned to enroll him as an apprentice engineer to Sharp-Stewart & co, a locomotive manufacturer, but this plans were cut short when his father died in 1873. 

 

he  moved on to trinity college, Cambridge in 1876. in 1880, he obtained his BA in mathematics(second wrangler and second smiths price.) and MA(with adams prize) in 1883. in 1884 he became cavendish professor of physics. one of his students was Ernest Rutherford, who would later succeed  in the post.

 

one of thomsons greatest contributions to modern science was in his role as a highly gifted teacher, as 7 of his research assistants and his aforementioned son was nobel prize in physics.

he was awarded a nobel prize in 1906, "in recognition of the great merits of his theoretical and experimental investigations on the conduction of electricity by gasses."

DISCOVERY OF ELECTRONS

until 1897, scientsts believed that atoms were indivisible; the ultumate particles of matter, but thomson proved them wrong when he discovered that atoms contained particles known as electrons. thomson discovered these through his explorations on the properties of catho de rays. thomson found that thee rays could be deflected by an electric field (in addition to magnetic fields which was already known.) he concluded that these rays, rather that being waves, were composed of very light, negatively charged particles which he called corpuscles.

to explain the over all nutral charge of the atom, he proposed that the corpuscles were distributed in a uniformed sea of positive charge; this was the plum pudding model where the electrons embeded in the possitive charge like plums in a plum pudding (although in thomsons model they were not stationary.)

a schemic presentation of the plum pudding model of the atom. in Thomson mathematical model the "corpuscles"(or modern electrons) were arranged non-randomly, in rotating rings

OTHER DISCOVERIES

in 1913, as part of his exploration into the composition of canal rays, thomson chanelled a stream of ionized neon through a magnetic and an electric field and measured its deflection by placing a photographic plate in its path.

in 1905 Thomson in the19thcentury saw the birth of science as a profession.

in 1906 thomson demonstrated that hydrogen had only a single electron per atom.

SOURCES:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.J Thomson

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/plum pudding model

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