Group 1(MonoBlocks Group)
“Your World, Your Tomorrow”
“Your World, Your Tomorrow”
CHEMISTRY: Aspects of Matter
Chemistry or also known as “The Central Science” is the study of Matter and the changes it undergoes.
Matter is anything made of atoms and molecules and is anything that has Mass, a property that reflects the quantity of Matter in a sample.
States of Matter
SOLID
The molecules are closely bound to one another by molecular forces. The particles are packed closely together. It has a stable, definite shape, and a definite volume. It can only change their shape by force, as when broken or cut.
LIQUID
The molecular forces are weaker than in a Solid. It will take the shape of its container with a free surface in a gravitational field. It has a fixed volume. It also occupies a shape or volume nut assumes the shape of the occupied portion of its container.
GAS
The molecular forces are very weak and it has no definite shape or volume, but occupies the entire container in which it is confined. It expands to fill completely whatever container it occupies.
Examples:
 |
| Heterogeneous |
 |
| Homogeneous |
History of Chemistry
2500 years ago, were perhaps the first to formulate rational theories of chemistry-explanations of the behavior of the matter they generally did not test their theories by experimentation.
The experimental roots of chemistry are planted in alchemy, a mystical mixture of chemistry and magic that flourished in Europe during the Middle Ages from about 500 to 1500 CE
Modern day chemists inherited from the alchemists an abiding interest in human health and quality of life.
II. The Four Elements
The Greek philosopher Empedocles, a native ofSicily , introduces a theory which will be accepted in Europe until the 17th century. He states that all matter is made up, in differing proportions, of four elemental substances - earth, air, fire and water. Not until the arrival of a 'skeptical chemist' (the title of a book by Robert Boyle in 1661) is there a serious threat to this Greek theory of the elements.
The Greek philosopher Empedocles, a native of
ASPECTS OF MATTER
§ Structure
- arrangement of atoms in a molecule
§ Composition
- what a molecule is made of
§ Properties
- unique characteristics of an object
ex: H2O - clear
- boils at 100 degrees Celsius
- freezes at 0 degree Celsius
§ Changes
- to alter
§ Principles and laws
- logical explanation of events that occur in nature supported by results
of repeated experiments
ex: Law of conservation of mass
§ Application
- process of testing the data
- identification of use
ex: Penialin: fighting bacteria
BRANCHES OF CHEMISTRY
Organic Chemistry
- carbon containing compounds
- H, N, O, P, S
ex:
- study of compounds produced by living organism
Inorganic Chemistry
- deals with elements or compounds other than carbon
ex: NaCl - table salt
H2O - water
NH3 - anomia
Physical Chemistry
- math / physics
- theories / behavior
- why? / how?
ex: How fast will the reaction occur?
Analytical Chemistry
- identifies what substance is present
- how much is there
a.) Qualitative b.) Quantitative
- what? - how much?
- descriptive - numerical
Biochemistry
- chemistry of living organisms
- processes in the body
ex: Digestion, Excretion , Metabolism , Amino Acids(glycine)
TRY THIS!
1.)Give at least 5 examples of matter.
2.)Differentiate element from a compound.
3.)Give 5 examples of heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures.
4.)What branch of chemistry deals with elements or compounds other than carbon?
5.)What branch of chemistry identifies what substance is present?
6.)Is Air an example of homogeneous mixture?
7.)What do you call the change in the phase of gas to liquid?
8.)What do you call the change in the phase of liquid to solid?
9.)What are the two types of Pure Substance?
10.)What is the state of matter wherein particles are closely together?
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ANSWERS!
4.)Inorganic Chemistry
5.)Analytical Chemistry
6.)Air is a homogenous mixture because you can't distinguish between the substances.
7.)Condensation
8.)Sodification
9.)Element and Compound
10.)Solid
Members:
Dianne Ang
Androse Ansaldo
Micah Antonio
Oya Bautista
Angela Cansana
TRY THIS!
1.)Give at least 5 examples of matter.
2.)Differentiate element from a compound.
3.)Give 5 examples of heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures.
4.)What branch of chemistry deals with elements or compounds other than carbon?
5.)What branch of chemistry identifies what substance is present?
6.)Is Air an example of homogeneous mixture?
7.)What do you call the change in the phase of gas to liquid?
8.)What do you call the change in the phase of liquid to solid?
9.)What are the two types of Pure Substance?
10.)What is the state of matter wherein particles are closely together?
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ANSWERS!
4.)Inorganic Chemistry
5.)Analytical Chemistry
6.)Air is a homogenous mixture because you can't distinguish between the substances.
7.)Condensation
8.)Sodification
9.)Element and Compound
10.)Solid
Members:
Dianne Ang
Androse Ansaldo
Micah Antonio
Oya Bautista
Angela Cansana
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